This map shows the locations of 13 major river basins in Africa: the Senegal, Volta, Niger, Lake Chad, Nile, Lake Turkana, Juba Shibeli, Ogooue, Congo, Zambezi, Okavango, Limpopo, and Orange river basins.

Concerns about water affordability have centered on access to networked services in low-income countries, but have grown in high-income countries as water, sewer, and stormwater tariffs, which fund replacement of aging infrastructure and management of demand, have risen. The political context includes a UN-recognized human right to water and a set of Sustainable Development Goals that explicitly reference affordable services in water, sanitation, and other sectors. Affordability has traditionally been measured as the ratio of combined water and sewer bills divided by total income or expenditures. Subjective decisions are then made about what constitutes an “affordable” ratio, and the fraction paying more than this is calculated.

Concerns about water affordability have centered on access to networked services in low-income countries, but have grown in high-income countries as water, sewer, and stormwater tariffs, which fund replacement of aging infrastructure and management of demand, have risen. The political context includes a UN-recognized human right to water and a set of Sustainable Development Goals that explicitly reference affordable services in water, sanitation, and other sectors. Affordability has traditionally been measured as the ratio of combined water and sewer bills divided by total income or expenditures. Subjective decisions are then made about what constitutes an “affordable” ratio, and the fraction paying more than this is calculated.

This Atlas provides a summary of the hydrogeology and groundwater resources of 51 African countries, and a gateway to further information. The aim of the Atlas is to improve the availability and accessibility of high-quality information on groundwater in Africa, to support the safe and sustainable development and use of groundwater resources.

This Atlas provides a summary of the hydrogeology and groundwater resources of 51 African countries, and a gateway to further information. The aim of the Atlas is to improve the availability and accessibility of high-quality information on groundwater in Africa, to support the safe and sustainable development and use of groundwater resources.

This archive of groundwater literature for Africa was developed as part of the Africa Groundwater Atlas project, through the Unlocking the Potential for Groundwater for the Poor (UPGro) research programme. UPGro is jointly funded by UK's Department for International Development (DFID) (UK Aid), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC). The programme focuses on improving the evidence base around groundwater availability and management in sub-Saharan Africa to enable developing countries and partners in sub-Saharan Africa to use groundwater in a sustainable way in order to benefit the poor. The Africa Groundwater Atlas project makes available: This archive of groundwater literature related to all of Africa, including Saharan Africa, searchable by country and keywords a web-based atlas summarising the hydrogeology of each African country in maps and text.

This map shows the locations of 13 major river basins in Africa: the Senegal, Volta, Niger, Lake Chad, Nile, Lake Turkana, Juba Shibeli, Ogooue, Congo, Zambezi, Okavango, Limpopo and Orange river basins.